A new study may help answer one of the universe’s biggest mysteries: Why is therew y F r w V E } r more matter thr $ n Can antimatter? That answer, in turn, cou– F o R d Qld explain– 3 ? @ k , why everything from atoms to black hole^ d Q , & ~ V %s exists.
一项新的研究可能有助于解答宇宙中最大的谜D z g t E a w 4团之一：为什么物质比反物质更多？这个答案反过来可以解释为什么从原子到黑洞的一切事物都存在。
Billions of years ago, soon after the Big Bang, cosmic inflation stretched the tiny seed of our universe and transformed energy into matter.
数十亿年前，在大爆炸之后不久，宇宙膨胀拉长了我们宇 ! O X ~ A u宙的微小种子，并将能量转化为物质。
Physicists think/ Y O w W W n inflation initially creV ~ h # s % # Fated the same amount of matU 8 P V L V Wter ar r J L 1 e c 1 wnd antimatter, which annihilate each otha L | P , _ aer on contZ ? # !act.
物理学家认为，膨胀最初产生了等量的物o B 3 x质和反物质，它们在接触时会彼此湮灭。
But then something happened that tipped the scales in fa4 g T 8 cvor of matter, allowing everything we can see and touch to come into existence—and a new: | . 2 $ 4 stV M 3 F v #udy suggests that the e( C $ P # yxplanation is hidden in very slight ripples in space-time.
但后来发生了一些事情，使天平倾向于物质，让我们能看到和接触到的一切都得以存在-一项新的研究% d # {表明，这种解释隐藏在时空D 8 % W R中非常轻A # C微的涟漪中。
“If you just start off with an equal componeR m 0 , Rnt of matt^ D . 0 8 N $eE [ 8 = z ? Fr and antimatter, you would just end8 E 8 up with having nothing,” because antimatter and matter have equal but opposite charge, said lead study author Jeff Drou b @ F [ W ? | !r, a postdoctoral res= s [earcher at the UniveA & r D 8 Y /rsity of, { y m K & California, Berkeley, and physics researcher at Lawrence Be8 l S | jrkeley National Laborato_ J 6 U $ $ Zry.
“如果你只是从物质和反物质的相等成分开始，你最终会一无所有，”因为反物质和物质具有相等但相反的电荷，该研究的主要作者、加州大学伯克利分校(University of Calq 2 Y 6 4 !ifornia，Berkeley)博士后研究员、劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)的物理研究员杰夫杜尔(Jeff Dror)说。
“Everything# ` a & $ U 8 r would just annihilate` = S q e m.”
“一切都会毁灭。”
Obviously,% K v E n o everything did not annihilate, bU y _ But researchers are unsure why.
显然，所有的东西都没有灭绝，但研究人员y |还不确定j 8 `其中的原因。
The answer might involve very strange elementary particles known as neutrinos, which don’t have electricalj s z 3 charge and can thus act as either matter or antimatter.
答案可能涉及非常奇怪的基本粒子，称为中微子，它不带电荷，因此可以起到物质或反物质的作用。
One idea is that about a million yR D * I % ~ears after the Big Bang, the u= L Y Mniverse cooled and underwent a phase transition, ah ~ l J t Xn event similar to how boiling water turns liquid into gas.
一种观点认为，宇宙大爆炸后大约一# 5 8 n百万年，宇宙冷却并经历了相变，类似于沸水如何E + c !将液体转化为气体的事件。
This phase change prompted decaying nA % E m =eutrinos to createJ r s more matter than antimatter by some “small, small amo6 J qunt,” Dr1 d # $ / @ * o 3or said.
Dror说，这种相变促使衰变的中微子创造出比反物质更多的物质，数量“很少，Q { t ` E N Q s O很少”。
But “there are no very simple ways—or almost any ways—to probe [this theory] and u& j h Gnderstand if it) O D K p P actually occurred in the early universe.”
但是“没有非常简单的方式-或者几乎任何i v b . 6 | W方式-来探索[这个理论]并理解它是否真的发生在早期宇宙中。”
But Dror and his team, through theoretical models and calculations, figured out a way we might be able to see this phase transition.
但是Dror和他的团队，通过理论模型和计+ i ) k ` ? /算，找到了一种我们可能能K 4 : D O够看到这种相变的方法。
